The Fortress of Van was built by the Urartian King Sarduri I between 840-825 BC. The Fortress Complex involves Madır (Sardur) Bastion, Analı-Kız open-air temple. There are also 1st Argişti, Founders’, Menua and II. Sarduri rock tombs and Thousand Stairs, and are fortification wall beds and fortification walls carved into the bedrock, which are all from the Urartians. The walls and towers on the east, the fortress' entrance gate facing northwest, the fortification and other body walls, the Upper Castle, the Süleyman Han Mosque and its minaret, and various structures made of mudbrick and stone for military purposes are from the Ottoman period.
